Bibliography

Explore the collection of authorities we found prescribing the metrics showcased
on our Explore the Metrics page.

Access to Justice BC, 2018, Access to Justice Measurement Framework,      View source     Access to Justice British Columbia’s (a2JBC) proposed measurement framework to support a shared approach to      monitoring and evaluating improvements in access to justice in British Columbia.

American Bar Association, 2016, A Report on the Future of Legal Services in the United States,       View source     This 2016 report from the ABA Commission on the future of the legal profession lays out the scope of the access to      justice crises while providing recommendations to improve the delivery of legal services.

Bartolomeo, Fabio.“ Measuring the Quality of Justice.” European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice, Council of Europe, 7 Dec. 2016, View source     The European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice proposes a method of measuring quality of legal services      using a system that looks for indicators of user perception, performance, and process.

Buckley, Melina. Access to Justice Committee, 2016, A National Framework for Meeting Legal Needs: Proposed National Benchmarks for Public Legal Assistance Services,       View source     The Canadian Bar Association Access to Justice Committee(CBA Committee) retained Dr. Melina Buckley to      provide guidance and recommendations about how best to measure and promote national data standards for      Canadas legal assistance services.  

The Canadian Bar Association, 2013, Access to Justice Metrics: A Discussion Paper,        View source     This series of reports by the Canadian Bar Association’s Standing Committee on Access to Justice looks to provide a      framework for the importance of metrics in measuring access to justice.  This report also provides examples of      metrics in use across the globe that varies agencies are using to measure access.  

Clarke, Thomas M, and Paula Hannaford-Agor. National Center for State Courts, 2020, Measuring the Impact of Access to Justice Programs: An Assessment Tool for Funders and Policymakers,       View source     This paper proposes an “engineering” approach by introducing an analytical tool for organizations working on      closing the access gap to estimate the potential impact of proposed solutions.

Courtools. “Trial Court Performance Measures.” Courtools, National Center for State Courts, 5 Apr. 2020,       
View source     NCSC developed a series of ten unique measures designed for courts to evaluate court performance. These tools      are designed for practical implantation and use.  Published in a visual format, CourTools uses illustrations,      examples, and jargon­ free language to make the measures clear and easy to understand.

Cunningham, David. “Metricsof the NewLaw Model (206).” Edited by Bill Henderswon, Legal Evolution, Legal Evolution, 6 Nov. 2020
,
View source     This report looks to the work of professionals who are focused on understanding “New Law” (referring to      companies with an emphasis on technology processes, data, multidisciplinary teams, etc.)  and the metrics that      define these companies.  

IAALS, et al. University of Denver, 2017, Civil Justice Initiative Performance Measures for Civil Justice,      View source     This Article from the institute for the advancement of the American Legal System identifies and discuses data      elements which can be used to measure the effectiveness of civil justice reforms.  

Justice System Metrics Working Group, 2020, First Convening: Identifying Measurements for Legal Innovation, View source     The Center sought input from and in collaboration with practicing attorneys, technologists, innovators, designers,      consumers of legal services, social entrepreneurs, and those in public policy to help drive innovation in the delivery      of legal services and the practice of law. This is the report of the first convening.

Justice System Metrics Working Group, 2021, Second Convening: Data Metric Project: Ideation Session Two, View source     The Center sought input from and in collaboration with practicing attorneys, technologists, innovators, designers,      consumers of legal services, social entrepreneurs, and those in public policy to help drive innovation in the delivery      of legal services and the practice of law. This is the report of the second convening.

Linna, Daniel W.“ Evaluating Legal Services: The Need for a Quality Movement and Standard Measures of Quality and Value.” Research Handbook on Big Data Law, edited by Dr. Roland Vogl, Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, Cheltenham, UK,2021, View source     This article includes summaries of multiple holistic models for measuring legal-services value The article also      identifies several initiatives contributing to the development of quality and value metrics.

OECD Publishing, 2019, Equal Access to Justice for Inclusive Growth: Putting People at the Centre,       View source     This report looks at how governments can ensure that everyone has access to justice, and that justice processes      and services are responsive to people’s needs.

OECD, and Open Society Foundations. OECD Publishing, Paris, France, 2019, pp. 1–212, Legal Needs Surveys and Access to Justice,View source     This report offers an empirical tool to help planners, statisticians, policy makers, and advocates understand      people’s everyday legal problems and experience with the justice system.

Schmitz, Amy J. “Measuring‘ Access to Justice’ in the Rush to Digitize.” Fordham Law Review, vol.88, no. 6, 2020,       View source     This article advocates for a developed system of metrics for evaluating ODR programs and suggests factors to help      determine ODR’s successes and failures in advancing justice.

Verdonschot, Jin Ho, et al. Tilburg University, Tilburg Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies of Civil Law and Conflict Resolution Systems (TISCO), International Victimology Institute Tilburg (Intervict), Tilburg Law and Economics Centre (Tilec), Hague Institute for the Internationalisation of Law (HIIL), 2008, Measuring Access to Justice: The Quality of Outcomes,      View source     This paper presents a shortlist of criteria and questionnaire items that can be used to evaluate the quality of      outcomes of legal procedures and other paths to justice.



Second Convening: Identifying Measurements for Legal Innovation
,
ABA CFI
,
2021
The Center sought input from and in collaboration with practicing attorneys, technologists, innovators, designers, consumers of legal services, social entrepreneurs, and those in public policy to help drive innovation in the delivery of legal services and the practice of law. This is the report of the second convening.
External link icon
Evaluating Legal Services
,
Daniel W. Linna
,
2021
This article includes summaries of multiple holistic models for measuring legal-services value The article also identifies several initiatives contributing to the development of quality and value metrics.
External link icon
Measuring the Impact of Access to Justice Programs: An Assessment Tool
,
National Center for State Courts
,
2020
This paper proposes an “engineering” approach by introducing an analytical tool for organizations working on closing the access gap to estimate the potential impact of proposed solutions.
External link icon
First Convening: Identifying Measurements for Legal Innovation
,
ABA CFI
,
2020
The Center sought input from and in collaboration with practicing attorneys, technologists, innovators, designers, consumers of legal services, social entrepreneurs, and those in public policy to help drive innovation in the delivery of legal services and the practice of law. This is the report of the first convening.
External link icon
Courtools
,
National Center for State Courts
,
2020
NCSC developed a series of ten unique measures designed for courts to evaluate court performance. These tools are designed for practical implantation and use. Published in a visual format, CourTools uses illustrations, examples, and jargon­ free language to make the measures clear and easy to understand.
External link icon
Metrics of the NewLaw Model
,
David Cunningham
,
2020
This report looks to the work of professionals who are focused on understanding “New Law” (referring to companies with an emphasis on technology processes, data, multidisciplinary teams, etc.) and the metrics that define these companies.
External link icon
Measuring 'Access to Justice’ in the Rush to Digitize
,
Amy J. Scmitz
,
2020
This article advocates for a developed system of metrics for evaluating ODR programs and suggests factors to help determine ODR’s successes and failures in advancing justice.
External link icon
Legal Needs Surveys and Access to Justice
,
OECD, and Open Society Foundations
,
2019
This report offers an empirical tool to help planners, statisticians, policy makers, and advocates understand people’s everyday legal problems and experience with the justice system.
External link icon
Equal Access to Justice for Inclusive Growth
,
OECD Publishing
,
2019
This report looks at how governments can ensure that everyone has access to justice, and that justice processes and services are responsive to people’s needs.
External link icon
Access to Justice Measurement Framework
,
Access to Justice BC
,
2018
Access to Justice British Columbia’s (a2JBC) proposed measurement framework to support a shared approach to monitoring and evaluating improvements in access to justice in British Columbia.
External link icon
Civil Justice Initiative Performance Measures for Civil Justice
,
IAALS
,
2017
This Article from the institute for the advancement of the American Legal System identifies and discuses data elements which can be used to measure the effectiveness of civil justice reforms.
External link icon
A Report on the Future of Legal Services in the United States
,
American Bar Association
,
2016
This 2016 report from the ABA Commission on the future of the legal profession lays out the scope of the access to justice crises while providing recommendations to improve the delivery of legal services.
External link icon
Measuring the Quality of Justice
,
European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice
,
2016
The European Commission for the Efficiency of Justice proposes a method of measuring quality of legal services using a system that looks for indicators of user perception, performance, and process.
External link icon
A National Framework for Meeting Legal Needs
,
Canadian Bar Association
,
2016
The Canadian Bar Association Access to Justice Committee(CBA Committee) retained Dr. Melina Buckley to provide guidance and recommendations about how best to measure and promote national data standards for Canadas legal assistance services.
External link icon
Understanding Effective Access to Justice
,
OECD and Open Society Foundations
,
2016
This paper provides an overview of approaches to conceptualising and measuring three components of effective access to justice: the nature and extent of unmet legal and justice needs and methodologies to understand people’s access to justice; the impact of unmet legal and justice needs on individuals, the community and the state; and the effectiveness of specific models of legal assistance in meeting these identified needs.
External link icon
Access to Justice Metrics: A Discussion Paper
,
Canadian Bar Association
,
2013
This series of reports by the Canadian Bar Association’s Standing Committee on Access to Justice looks to provide a framework for the importance of metrics in measuring access to justice. This report also provides examples of metrics in use across the globe that varies agencies are using to measure access.
External link icon
Measuring the costs and quality of paths to justice
,
M.A. Gramatikov, et. al.
,
2011
This paper discusses the contours of a methodology for measuring the price and quality of "paths to justice" and of some concrete tools for measuring costs, procedural quality, and outcome quality. Conceptualization of a path to justice, criteria and items included in the measurement framework, as well as di!erent data collection methods, are presented.
External link icon
Measuring Access to Justice: The Quality of Outcomes
,
Jin Ho Verdonschot, et al.
,
2008
This paper presents a shortlist of criteria and questionnaire items that can be used to evaluate the quality of outcomes of legal procedures and other paths to justice.
External link icon
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